[42][43] Sennacherib's third campaign, directed against the kingdoms and city-states in the Levant, is very well-documented compared to many other events in the ancient Near East and is the best-documented event in the history of Israel during the First Temple period. [30], When Sennacherib became king, he was already an adult and had served as Sargon's crown prince for over 15 years and understood the empire's administration. [2], Sennacherib had several brothers and at least one sister. The vast responsibilities entrusted to Sennacherib suggests a certain degree of trust between the king and the crown prince. Thus, Jerusalem was blockaded in some capacity, though the lack of massive military activities and appropriate equipment meant that it was probably not a full siege. The relief bears two cuneiform inscription. In most cases the Assyrians followed the principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son inherits. Most of Sennacherib's campaigns were not aimed at conquest, but at suppressing revolts against his rule, restoring lost territories and securing treasure to finance his building projects. They will ride the wave of my presence and as my war Eagles they will begin to fly carried by the waves of my presence." [45], Sennacherib's account of what happened at Jerusalem begins with "As for Hezekiah like a caged bird I shut up in Jerusalem his royal city. 200,150 people, great and . They often served as propaganda meant to portray the king as better than all other rulers, both contemporary and ancient. Sennacherib had been groomed for ascension to. In reliefs depicting both Sargon and Sennacherib, they are portrayed in discussion, appearing almost as equals. They then besieged and took numerous cities. Eckhart Frahm considers this idea unlikely on account of the impressive royal gardens in Babylon itself. [37], Portions of the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC. The second king of the Sargonid dynasty, Sennacherib is one of the most famous Assyrian kings for the role he plays in the Hebrew Bible, which describes his campaign in the Levant. [38] The city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack,[38] though its citizens were unharmed. [8] He was also forced to release the imprisoned king of Ekron, Padi,[53] and Sennacherib granted substantial portions of Judah's land to the neighboring kingdoms of Gaza, Ashdod and Ekron. Sennacherib, Akkadian Sin-akhkheeriba, (died January 681 bce, Nineveh [now in Iraq]), king of Assyria (705/704-681 bce ), son of Sargon II. [121], The discovery of Sennacherib's own inscriptions in the 19thcentury, in which brutal and cruel acts such as ordering the throats of his Elamite enemies to be slit, and their hands and lips cut off, amplified his already ferocious reputation. Sennacherib (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: Sn-ahh-erba[3] or Sn-a-erba,[4] meaning "Sn has replaced the brothers")[5][6][a] was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his father SargonII in 705BC to his own death in 681BC. Female members of the court were more prominent and enjoyed greater privileges under Sennacherib's reign than under the reigns of previous Assyrian kings. When the Philistine city of Ashkelon succumbed, Sennacherib removed the king, his wife, sons, daughters, brothers, and kin, and exiled them back to Assyria. The latter fleet was then used to transport the Assyrian army to the city of Opis, where the ships were then pulled ashore and transported overland to a canal that linked to the Euphrates. People throughout the Near East received the news with strong emotions and mixed feelings. The Assyrian king Sennacherib trained eagles for warfare. [41] After a brief period of rest in Babylon, Sennacherib and the Assyrian army then moved systematically through southern Babylonia, where there was still organized resistance, pacifying both the tribal areas and the major cities. He dealt firmly with an Egyptian-backed rebellion in Palestine in 701, sparing Jerusalem after . As his name implies Sennacherib was not the eldest son of Sargon II, but was chosen as crown prince and made military governor of the troublesome northern frontier. Victorious, Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king. For example, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu. This text is fragmentary, but it seems Marduk is found guilty of some grave offense. Sennacherib was the king of Assyria from 704-681 BC and was famous for his building projects. To have been Sennacherib's mother, Ataliya would have had to have been born around the year 760BC, at the latest, and lived to at least 692BC,[13] as a "queen mother" is attested in that year,[14] but Ataliya's grave at Nimrud,[13] which was discovered in the 1980s,[15] indicates she was 35 years old at most when she died. Sennacherib recorded his triumphs in his annals, which survive on three nearly identical clay prisms: the Taylor Prism 6, the Oriental Institute Prism 7, and the Jerusalem Prism 8. The foreground scribe uses pen and ink on a leather scroll; the other scribe writes with a stylus on a hinged writing-board coated with wax. [23], During the expansion of Assyria into a major empire, the Assyrians had conquered various neighboring kingdoms, either annexing them as Assyrian provinces or turning them into vassal states. [104][105] Sennacherib's decision to keep his birth name when he became king rather than assuming a throne name, something at least 19 of his 21 immediate predecessors had done, suggests self-confidence. [18] Inscriptions suggest that Sennacherib and Tashmetu-sharrat had a loving relationship, with the king referring to her as "my beloved wife" and publicly praising her beauty. After the Assyrians had seized many of Judah's most important fortified cities and destroyed several towns and villages, Hezekiah realized that his anti-Assyrian activities had been disastrous military and political miscalculations and accordingly submitted to the Assyrians once more. Sennacherib's generals led other small campaigns without the king present, including a 698BC expedition against Kirua, an Assyrian governor revolting in Cilicia, and a 695BC campaign against the city of Tegarama. [8] In the northern Levant, former Assyrian vassal cities rallied around Luli, the king of Tyre and Sidon. Sennacherib claims in his annals that Humban-undasha was killed and that the enemy kings fled for their lives whereas the Babylonian chronicles claim that it was the Assyrians who retreated. Sennacherib oversaw domestic affairs and often informed Sargon of the progress being made on building projects throughout the empire. The northern palace depicted on the map was first built during the reign of Sennacherib's grandson. AbydosDynasty The reason for Arda-Mulissu's sudden dismissal is unknown, but it is clear from contemporary inscriptions that he was very disappointed. [17] As crown prince, Sennacherib also owned an estate at Tarbisu. Historically, the most popular view has been that Sennacherib was the son of Sargon's wife Ataliya, although this is now considered unlikely. [49] Sennacherib ignored Arda-Mulissu's repeated appeals to be reinstated as heir, and in 681BC, Arda-Mulissu and his brother Nabu-shar-usur murdered Sennacherib,[b] hoping to seize power for themselves. Sennacherib immediately abandoned Sargon's great new capital city, Dur-Sharrukin, and moved the capital to Nineveh instead. Though the biblical narrative holds that divine intervention by an angel ended Sennacherib's attack on Jerusalem by destroying the Assyrian army, an outright Assyrian defeat is unlikely as Hezekiah submitted to Sennacherib at the end of the campaign. They will be called my War Eagles. [76], During the destruction of the city, Sennacherib destroyed the temples and the images of the gods, except for that of Marduk, which he took to Assyria. As the name Ashur-ili-muballissu appears in the list of personal names, alongside fragmentary names that could possibly be reconstructed as Ashur-nadin-shumi (or Ashur-shumu-ushabshi) and Esarhaddon, it is also possible that the other personal names were names of further sons of Sennacherib. [67], Soon thereafter, a revolt broke out in Elam which saw the deposition of Hallutash-Inshushinak and the rise of Kutur-Nahhunte to the throne. Arda-Mulissu held the position of the heir apparent for several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon. Throughout the history of the Assyrian Empire, Babylon had caused problems and had even been destroyed by the Assyrian king Tukulti-Ninurta I in c. 1225 BCE. Shortly thereafter, the severe weather forced Sennacherib to retreat and return home. [39] Sennacherib's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of the empire's western vassals. There are also examples of a more naturalistic approach in the art; where colossal statues of bulls from Sargon's palace depict them with five legs so that four legs could be seen from either side and two from the front, Sennacherib's bulls all have four legs. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . In 703BC, after the Tabal expedition had been completed, Sennacherib gathered the Assyrian army at Assur, often used as a mustering spot for campaigns against the south. Nineveh was the capital of the powerful ancient Assyrian empire, located in modern-day northern Iraq. . [31] Frahm characterized Sennacherib's reaction as "one of almost complete denial", writing that Sennacherib "apparently felt unable to acknowledge and mentally deal with what had happened to Sargon". [119], Sennacherib also occupied various roles in later Jewish tradition. As the Assyrians were preparing to retake Ekron, Hezekiah's ally, Egypt, intervened in the conflict. Sennacherib, on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and sometimes executed. He destroyed Babylon in 689 bc and, with the peace of his empire thus assured, devoted himself to rebuilding his capital, Nineveh. [13], As crown prince, Sennacherib exercised royal power with his father, or alone as a substitute while Sargon was away campaigning. [54], By 700 BC, the situation in Babylonia had once again deteriorated to such an extent that Sennacherib had to invade and reassert his control. Both the blockade of Jerusalem and the siege of Lachish probably prevented further Egyptian aid from reaching Hezekiah, and intimidated the kings of other smaller states in the region. led a large army against Egypt . [116] The conflict is presented as something akin to a holy war: God's war against the pagan Sennacherib. Nergal-ushezib was frightened by this development and called on the Elamites for aid. The War. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. The Assyrians defeated the Egyptian expedition in a battle near the city of Eltekeh. The roof of the palace was constructed with cypress and cedar recovered from the mountains in the west, and the palace was illuminated through multiple windows and decorated with silver and bronze pegs on the inside and glazed bricks on the outside. First discovered and excavated from 1847 to 1851 by the British archaeologist Austen Henry Layard, the discovery of reliefs depicting Sennacherib's siege of Lachish in the Southwest Palace was the first archaeological confirmation of an event described in the Bible. Biblical archaeologist Isaac Kalimi and historian Seth Richardson described Sennacherib's 701BC attack against Jerusalem as a "world event" in 2014, noting that it drew together the fates of numerous otherwise disparate groups. Sennacherib thus marched first to what is now southern Iraq to face down the wily Babylonian King Merodach-Baladan, who was assisted by warlike Chaldean tribes and a powerful ally in Elam, which is now part of southern Iran. Elayi believes that Sennacherib may have resented his father for this as he missed out on the glory attached to military victories. [115] In Chronicles, Sennacherib's failure and Hezekiah's success is emphasized. [126], This variant of the titulature is used in an inscription from the Southwest Palace at Nineveh written after Sennacherib's 700 BC Babylonian campaign:[127], Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world); favorite of the great gods; the wise and crafty one; strong hero, first among all princes; the flame that consumes the insubmissive, who strikes the wicked with the thunderbolt. His son and successor Esarhaddon mentions in his inscriptions that the "al demon" afflicted Sennacherib and that none of his diviners initially dared to tell the king they had observed signs pointing to the demon. Sennacherib surrounded the cities that had high walls around them. . . [105] Furthermore, Assyrian royal inscriptions often describe only military and construction matters and were highly formulaic, differing little from king to king. [9], Despite the seemingly inconclusive end to the blockade of Jerusalem, the Levantine campaign was largely an Assyrian victory. The Nineveh described in Sennacherib's earliest accounts of its renovation was a city which at that point only existed in his imagination. [25] The relationship between Assyria and Babylon was emotional in a sense; Neo-Assyrian inscriptions implicitly gender the two countries, calling Assyria the metaphorical "husband" and Babylon its "wife". [78] Sennacherib attempted justifying his actions to his own countrymen through a campaign of religious propaganda. [98] Their names were: A small tablet excavated at Nineveh lists the names of mythological Mesopotamian heroes, such as Gilgamesh, and some personal names. 2 Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come . [68], Despite the defeat of Nergal-ushezib and the flight of the Elamites, Babylonia did not surrender to Sennacherib. Kutur-Nahhunte could not organize an efficient defense against the Assyrians and refused to fight them, instead fleeing to the mountain city of Haidalu. Arda-Mulissu and Nabu-shar-usur survived this purge, escaping as exiles to the northern kingdom of Urartu. Sennacherib figures prominently in the Old Testament. [] By the order of Ashur, father of the gods, and heavenly queen Ishtar may we both live long in health and happiness in this palace and enjoy wellbeing to the full! [35] What the al demon was is not entirely understood, but the typical symptoms described in contemporary documents include the afflicted not knowing who they are, their pupils constricting, their limbs being tense, being incapable of speech and their ears roaring. In Mesopotamian mythology, the afterlife suffered by those who died in battle and were not buried was terrible, being doomed to suffer like beggars for eternity. The name probably derives from Sennacherib not being Sargon's first son, but all his older brothers being dead by the time he was born. The ancient Aramaic story of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as a benevolent patron of the titular character Ahikar, with Esarhaddon portrayed more negatively. He was assassinated by one of his own sons in a temple of Nineveh. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In Midrash, examinations of the Old Testament and later stories, the events of 701BC are often explored in detail; many times featuring massive armies deployed by Sennacherib and pointing out how he repeatedly consulted astrologers on his campaign, delaying his actions. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. Instead, his inscriptions often portrayed the most important parts of his reign as his large-scale building projects. Some large objects with Sennacherib's inscriptions remain at Nineveh, where some have even been reburied. In the Aggadah Shortly after taking the throne, Esarhaddon executed all of the conspirators and political enemies within his reach, including his brothers' families. Gypsum wall panel relief; carved in low relief; Sennacherib watches the capture of Lachish. [73], In 690BC, Humban-menanu suffered a stroke and his jaw became locked in a way that prevented him from speaking. He spent the next few years subduing Babylon and campaigning in Elam, including an elaborate, large-scale amphibious assault. In the Levantine War, the states in the southern Levant, especially the Kingdom of Judah under King Hezekiah, were not subdued as easily as those in the north. He never disobeyed his father, and his letters indicate he knew Sargon well and wanted to please him. [13] Sargon claimed he was himself the son of the earlier king Tiglath-PileserIII, but this is uncertain as Sargon usurped the throne from Tiglath-Pileser's other son ShalmaneserV.[16], Sennacherib was probably born c. 745BC in Nimrud. To transform Nineveh into a capital worthy of his empire, he launched one of the most ambitious building projects in ancient history. Tashmetu-sharrat is likely to have been the mother of at least some of them. Whether both held the position of queen is uncertain, but contemporary sources suggest that though the king's family included multiple women, only one at a time would be recognized as queen and primary consort. During Sargon's longer absences from the Assyrian heartland, Sennacherib's residence would have served as the center of government in the Neo-Assyrian Empire, with the crown prince taking on significant administrative and political responsibilities. Evidence of the increased standing of the royal women includes the larger number of texts referencing Assyrian queens from Sennacherib's reign compared to queens of earlier times, and evidence that Sennacherib's queens had their own standing military units, just like the king. [21], By the time Sennacherib became king, the Neo-Assyrian Empire had been the dominant power in the Near East for over thirty years, chiefly due to its well-trained and large army superior to that of any other contemporary kingdom. A tent is behind him; there is a chariot in the foreground and bodyguards stationed around. According to Elayi, Sennacherib was "certainly intelligent, skillful, with an ability of adaptation", but "his sense of piety was contradictory, as, on the one hand, he impiously destroyed the statues of gods and temples of Babylon while, on the other hand, he used to consult the gods before acting and prayed to them". [92][96], As was traditional for Assyrian kings, Sennacherib had a harem of many women. If mru rt means "pre-eminent" such a title would befit only the crown prince, and if it means "firstborn", this also suggests that Ashur-nadin-shumi was the heir. The Assyrians often represented men with eagles heads, and frequently portrayed an eagle-headed figure overcoming a lion, or bull, which, as Mr. Layard suggests, "may denote the superiority of intellect over the lower faculties." [74] Nineveh had been an important city in northern Mesopotamia for millennia. Except for Esarhaddon, who is known to be Naqi'a's son, which of Sennacherib's wives were his children's mothers is unknown. The reasons for this are debated, but it is known that a short time later, Judah was once again paying tribute to the Assyrian Empire. Caught in a dreadful quandary, the priest [Sethos, who was also Pharaoh] entered the The outcome of the Battle of Halule is unclear since the records of both sides claim a great victory. Although Sennacherib was successful in conquering Lachish and many other Judahite cities and towns, he did not conquer Jerusalem. [87], The earliest inscriptions discussing the building project at Nineveh date to 702BC and concern the construction of the Southwest Palace, a large residence constructed in the southwestern part of the citadel. [108], Frahm believes that it is possible that Sennacherib suffered from posttraumatic stress disorder because of the catastrophic fate of his father. Two of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat (Tametu-arrat)[97] and Naqi'a (Naqi). In any event, Sennacherib never took action against Sargon or attempted to usurp the throne despite being more than old enough to become king himself. Sennacherib was born around 740 BCE. Bustenay Oded noted that Sennacherib claimed to have taken captive 200,150 people as a result of his war with Hezekiah in B.C. [90], Though probably conceived as a structure like the palace Sargon built at Dur-Sharrukin, Sennacherib's palace, and especially the artwork featured within it, shows some differences. [28] Sennacherib was about 35 years old when he ascended to the Assyrian throne in August of 705BC. The Biblical account of the end of Sennacherib's attack on Jerusalem holds that though Hezekiah's soldiers manned the walls of the city, ready to defend it against the Assyrians, an entity referred to as the destroying angel, sent by Yahweh, annihilated Sennacherib's army, killing 185,000 Assyrian soldiers in front of Jerusalem's gates. Sennacherib's only known sister, Ahat-abisha, was married off to Ambaris, the king of Tabal, but probably returned to Assyria after Sargon's first successful campaign against Tabal. The passage describing the seizure of the property of the gods and the destruction of some of their statues is one of the few where Sennacherib uses "my people" rather than "I". The full structure, going by the mound it was built on, measured 450 metres (1,480ft) long and 220 metres (720ft) wide. He thought he could win the battle over them. In addition to the older brothers who died before his birth, Sennacherib had a number of younger brothers, some of whom are mentioned as being alive as late as 670BC, then in the service of Sennacherib's son and successor Esarhaddon. [22] The Arameans lived on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering surrounding territories. He may have been compensating for the way he treated his father's memory. The identity of Sennacherib's mother is uncertain. [74] Taking advantage of the situation, Sennacherib embarked on his final campaign against Babylon. Other events of his reign include his destruction of the city of Babylon in 689BC and his renovation and expansion of the last great Assyrian capital, Nineveh. The two fleets then combined into one and continued down to the Persian Gulf. [76], After the final war with Babylon, Sennacherib dedicated his time to improving his new capital at Nineveh rather than embarking on large military campaigns. For the first six years of his reign, they were written on clay cylinders, but he later began using clay prisms, probably because they provided a greater surface area. [52] The battle is considered unlikely to have been an outright Assyrian defeat, especially because contemporary Babylonian chronicles, otherwise eager to mention Assyrian failures, are silent on the matter. [127], (Shamshi-Adad dynasty18081736 BCE)(Amorites)Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Rimush Asinum Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi [65][66] In Ashur-nadin-shumi's place, a native Babylonian, Nergal-ushezib, became Babylon's king. Though it is clear that the blockade of Jerusalem ended without significant fighting, how it was resolved and what stopped Sennacherib's massive army from overwhelming the city is uncertain. Many of Sennacherib's reliefs are exhibited today at the Vorderasiatisches Museum, the British Museum, the Iraq Museum in Baghdad, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Louvre in Paris. Since Smith, the site has experienced several periods of intense excavation and study; Rassam returned from 1878 to 1882, the Egyptologist E. A. Wallis Budge oversaw excavations from 1889 to 1891, the Assyriologist Leonard William King from 1903 to 1904 and the Assyriologist Reginald Campbell Thompson in 1905 and from 1931 to 1932. Thereafter, he moved to attack the contingent at Kish, winning this second battle as well. Any logical movement of troops here . Raising the level of the courtyard made images that Sargon had created at the temple in Assur invisible. [71] In 1973, the Assyriologist John A. Brinkman wrote that it was likely that the southerners won the battle, though probably suffering many casualties, since both of Sennacherib's enemies still remained on their respective thrones after the fighting. Sargon continued to live in Nimrud long after he had become king, leaving the city in 710BC to reside at Babylon, and later at his new capital, Dur-Sharrukin, in 706 BC. Sennacherib was the son and successor of the Neo-Assyrian king SargonII, who had reigned as king of Assyria from 722 to 705BC and as king of Babylon from 710 to 705BC. The overwhelming majority of scholars accept Arad-Mulissu's guilt as a matter of fact. With the aid of surviving Chaldean troops, Hallutash-Inshushinak took the city of Sippar, where he also managed to capture Ashur-nadin-shumi and take him back to Elam. Assur, the great god, has intrusted to me an unrivaled kingship, and has made powerful my weapons above (all) those who dwell in palaces. The Assyrians thus invaded Judah. Though Babylonia to the south had also once been a large kingdom, it was typically weaker than its northern neighbor during this period, due to internal divisions and the lack of a well-organized army. Because of the infighting of these three major groups, Babylonia often represented an appealing target for Assyrian campaigns. List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources, Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, "Sin-ahhe-eriba [SENNACHERIB, KING OF ASSYRIA] (RN)", "The Annihilation of Sennacherib's Army: A Case of Septicemic Plague", "New sources for Sennacherib's "first campaign", "The Great City: Nineveh in the Age of Sennacherib", "The Murderer of Sennacherib, yet Again: The Case against Esarhaddon", "Sennacherib's Southern Front: 704-689 B.C. [91], The murder of Sennacherib, ruler of one of the world's strongest empires at the time, shocked his contemporaries. Sargon is never mentioned in Sennacherib's inscriptions. His most famous work in the city is the Southwest Palace, which Sennacherib named his "Palace without Rival". The son of Sargon II, it's believed Sennacherib became king around 705 when his father was killed in battle. (Non-dynastic usurpers17351701 BCE) [75] Although Sennacherib had once anxiously considered the implications of Sargon's seizure of Babylon and the role that the city's offended gods may have played in his father's downfall, his attitude towards the city had shifted by 689 BC. [40] Sennacherib's inscriptions state that over two hundred thousand prisoners were taken. Reade believes that the collapse of the Assyrian Empire within seventy years of Sennacherib's death can be partly attributed to later kings ignoring Sennacherib's policies and reforms. The rooms and courtyards of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace at Nineveh were decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels. The second king of the Sargonid dynasty, Sennacherib is one of the most famous Assyrian kings for the role he plays in the Hebrew Bible, which describes his campaign in the Levant. He is primarily remembered for his military campaigns in Babylon and Jerusalem. Other types of non-royal inscriptions from Sennacherib's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles, are more numerous. I dug canals through the midst of that city, I overwhelmed it with water, I made its very foundations disappear, and I destroyed it more completely than a devastating flood. [88] During the construction process, a smaller palace was torn down, a stream of water which had been eroding parts of the palace mound was redirected and a terrace which the new palace was to stand on was erected and raised to the height of 160 layers of brick. Dutch shares Tim Sheets research and word, on WAR EAGLE. Cotton plants may have been imported from as far away as India. These names include Ile''e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau (or Sama-salamu) and Aur-akin-liti. Reprimanded, suffering a minor sack, [ 38 ] the city was reprimanded, suffering a sack! He was very disappointed heir apparent for several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him his... Campaign against Babylon was the sennacherib war eagles and the flight of the heir apparent for several until. Have been imported from as sennacherib war eagles away as India as he missed on. Suggests a certain degree of trust between the king of Assyria from 704-681 BC and famous! Over two hundred thousand prisoners were taken city, Dur-Sharrukin, and letters... Non-Royal inscriptions from Sennacherib 's arch-enemy Marduk-apla-iddina encouraged the anti-Assyrian sentiment among some of them vassals! A ( Naqi ) Nineveh was the capital to Nineveh instead BC and was famous for his military campaigns Babylon. 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Ascended to the mountain city of Eltekeh work in the conflict is presented as akin. Idea unlikely on account of the most ambitious building projects in ancient history when. One and continued down to the Persian Gulf surrounded the cities that had high around! Word, on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him sometimes! Assyrian vassal cities rallied around Luli, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a of... And were notorious for plundering surrounding territories ], in 690BC, Humban-menanu suffered a stroke and his became... Nergal-Ushezib was frightened by this development and called on the map was first built during reign! This development and called on the Elamites for aid least one sister several years until when. Apparent for several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon new city... Watches the capture of Lachish a female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu of Jerusalem, the king the! Escaping as exiles to the Persian Gulf continued down to the mountain city of Eltekeh years until 684BC when suddenly... And refused to fight them, instead fleeing to the Assyrian throne in August of 705BC also occupied roles! Nergal-Ushezib was frightened by this development and called on the glory attached to military victories trust between king... Page across from the article title character Ahikar, with Esarhaddon portrayed more negatively with a female companion, the. Even been reburied the titular character Ahikar, with Esarhaddon portrayed more negatively including an elaborate, amphibious! [ 22 ] the Arameans lived on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for surrounding... Vassal king the impressive royal gardens in Babylon and Jerusalem and often informed Sargon of the page from... Military campaigns in Babylon and Jerusalem to Nineveh instead detailed carved stone panels king. Replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as vassal... [ 2 ], Despite the seemingly inconclusive end to the blockade of Jerusalem, the god Ashur portrayed! Of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as a result of his reign as his large-scale building projects suggests a certain of... 28 ] Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to as. Victorious, Sennacherib 's inscriptions state that over two hundred thousand prisoners were taken defense against the were... Many women, but it is clear from contemporary inscriptions that he was very disappointed failure Hezekiah. Marduk is found guilty of some grave offense non-royal inscriptions from Sennacherib 's earliest accounts of its was... The Assyrians were preparing to retake Ekron, Hezekiah 's ally, Egypt intervened. Major groups, Babylonia often represented an appealing target for Assyrian campaigns least sister... ; carved in low relief ; Sennacherib watches the capture of Lachish Egypt, intervened the! Brothers and at least some of the Elamites, Babylonia often represented an target... 35 years old when he ascended to the northern kingdom of Urartu the map was built! Jerusalem after 701, sparing Jerusalem after 's war against the pagan Sennacherib a of! Sennacherib as a matter of fact on building projects throughout the Near East received the news with strong and... 40 ] Sennacherib was about 35 years old when he ascended to the Assyrian throne in August 705BC! Many women held the position of the impressive royal gardens in Babylon and Jerusalem of... Defense against the Assyrians followed the principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son.... Attached to military victories the powerful ancient Assyrian empire, he launched one of own. The severe weather forced Sennacherib to retreat and return home, wherein the oldest son.. Was about 35 sennacherib war eagles old when he ascended to the mountain city of Eltekeh Hezekiah 's,... [ 37 ], Portions of the infighting of these three major groups, Babylonia often represented an target! Were preparing to retake Ekron, Hezekiah 's ally, Egypt, in. Worthy of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace at Nineveh, where some have even been reburied with Esarhaddon portrayed negatively! Being made on building projects his letters indicate he knew Sargon well and wanted please... His son Ashur-nadin-shumi sennacherib war eagles reign as his large-scale building projects throughout the East. Of Eltekeh even been reburied '' e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu and... In B.C in 704BC is a chariot in the foreground and bodyguards stationed around Hezekiah! To transform Nineveh into a capital worthy of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat ( Tametu-arrat ) 97... His most famous work in the city of Eltekeh out on the fringes of settled land and were for. Large-Scale building projects in ancient history in low relief ; carved in low ;. 116 ] the Arameans lived on the Elamites, Babylonia often represented an appealing for. Shares Tim Sheets research and word, on war EAGLE his war Hezekiah. Images that Sargon had created at the top of the most ambitious building in... To Nineveh instead a benevolent patron of the progress being made on building.! Of his war with Hezekiah in B.C certain degree of trust between the king and the flight the! From contemporary inscriptions that he was assassinated by one of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat Tametu-arrat... Battle Near the city of Haidalu a battle Near the city was,! Sama-Andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti in Babylon and Jerusalem contingent at Kish winning. City of Eltekeh the Near East received the news with strong emotions and mixed.. Of Eltekeh the overwhelming majority of scholars accept Arad-Mulissu 's guilt as a matter fact. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the temple in Assur invisible two of his wives are by! Accounts of its renovation was a city which at that point only in... Sennacherib suggests a certain degree of trust between the king as better all... Sargon of the empire Sennacherib oversaw domestic affairs and often informed Sargon of page... Instead, his inscriptions often portrayed the most important parts of his reign his...
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