i) Revenue - Cost = Income iii) BJR creates a presumption that, "in making a business decision, the directors of a corporation acted on an informed basis, in good faith, and in the honest belief that the action was taken in the best interest of the company Next to the following list of eight characteristics of business organizations, select a brief description of how each characteristic applies to corporations. 1. Advantage of Corporations. Tip. 5) Was made by a director or directors who otherwise were not independent B) Board members don't hold the CEO or management team accountable for actions or inactions a) Unless the P can rebut the presumption, a court will evaluate the substantive merits of the action Eisenhardt suggests that organizations should have two to seven key goals, or rules, using her vocabulary (Eisenhardt & Sull, 2001).Such goals guide how the firm operates, identify which opportunities to pursue, set priorities, manage timing of actions, and even inform business exit decisions. Relevant. You can begin building your success by developing these 11 must-have traits of a powerful and successful leader. Duration of life 3. is a company that is registered by a state and operates apart from its owners. 4 What are 2 characteristics of a corporation? - c. $70 per unit So, the minimum grand total for forming a California corporation is $125. These taxes are substantial; they can amount to more than 40% of taxable income, may have thousands of stockholders, and its stock is traded on a national securities exchange. There is a 50% chance that the customer will earn$40,000 and a 50% chance that the consumer will earn $100,000 throughout middle age. C) Most important is cash flow from operating activities Government regulation 4. The customer makes $20,000 in labour income when they are young. Capital acquisition. Corporation Has. Being a person with good character means you act with honesty, respect, responsibility, caring, and other ?good? Terms in this set (8) $$ 1) The corporation (the real party at interest) is a nominal defendant and the plaintiff-shareholder (in reality, her attorney), controls prosecution of the suit Dividends. The companys inventory turnover and days inventory outstanding (DIO); accounts receivable turnover and days sales outstanding (DSO), accounts payable turnover and days payable outstanding (DPO), and the number of days in its cash conversion cycle. 4) Debt securities can be secured or unsecured and are called bonds, debentures, or notes, B) A corporations articles of incorporation specify how many shares of common stock and preferred stock the corporation is authorized to issue a) Indenture sets out the companies full obligations to the creditors, the company has no fiduciary duty to creditors, their entire obligation and relationship is set forth in the K. In order to pierce the corporate veil, a P must prove (1) The owner has exercised such control that the corporation has become a mere instrumentality of the owner, which is the real actor; (domination) Thrifty (not wasteful!) Double taxation. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. (6) The degree of discretion shown by the allegedly dominant corporation; Ownership. What are the characteristics of a good person? A corporation is a legal entity, meaning it is a separate entity from its owners who are called stockholders. Here are certain characteristics that are not representative of corporations: The stockholders of a corporation have unlimited liability. When someone is generous, kind, energetic, or optimistic they exude energy that attracts others. Particularly in a public company, the stock can be easily transferred in part or total at the discretion of the stockholder. Ability to Influence Others. If the order was accepted, the tires would be shipped overseas for an additional shipping cost of $7.50 per tire. 6) Amend the Bylaws, Warrant gives the creditor the option to buy the stock by a particular time, for a particular price, and when this is exercise the corporation has to issue additional stock to cover the obligation, i) A bond is a loan to the company for a fixed period of time Positive character traits can be developed in ourselves. ii) Second "Accounting stage" a business that uses mostly labor to offer intangible products. joint venture. What is an example of a business that would have a high inventory turnover? c) The most common forms of preference are the right of the preferred stockholders to receive a dividend before any dividends are paid to the holders of common stock and the right to receive distributions in liquidation before any distributions are made to the common stock. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. 2) Marketable Securities = securities that can be readily sold and converted into cash and are not held for current operations Living, $475.75; fixed,$679.65; share of annual, $291.17. What is the unit product cost using absorption costing? (Assume all sales were on account.) These characteristics are as follows: Capital acquisition. Less Is More. B) Corporations should do a human rights due diligence analysis to examine risks of violations of human rights, i) If you are representing the corporation, then the corporation is your client, not any of the individual directors, officers or shareholders We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. They think of others. Upon conversion of all the bonds, Bridgewater Corp. recorded the$160,000 premium as a reduction of paid-in capital. Good people understand that others need praise. a) Some companies have established this committee in recent years 3) Did not have a rational business purpose (i.e., constituted a waste of corporate assets); There are two types of securities: debt and equity B) A corporations articles of incorporation specify how many shares of common stock and preferred stock the corporation is authorized to issue Equity securities Equity securities consist of common stock and preferred stock Means that the relationship between shareholders and managers (directors and officers), will be governed by the corporate statutes and case law of the state where the corporation is incorporated Can adapt to changes Industrial businesses iii) Third "Audit stage" Example #1 Amazon. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2023 Find what come to your mind. What are 3 characteristics of corporations? The five main characteristics of a corporation are limited liability, shareholder ownership, double taxation, continuing lifespan and, in most cases, professional management. D) Setting clear policies and monitoring the institution's operations for compliance Owner authority and control One vote per share 2. Advantage of Corporations. a) Company, usually with the assistance of independent public accountants, verifies the information it has recorded and the manner in which it has presented the financial accounting, Accounting & Financial Reporting - Bookkeeping, i) Every transaction which a company is involved is included in the company's leger B) Special Meetings Can be called pursuant to articles that are set forth in the bylaws, needs to give notice & some general information about what the meeting will be about High Fence Whitetail Hunts Nestled in the hills of south central Kentucky lies an oasis of trophy whitetail bucks and the best Kentucky deer hunting you've ever seen. Assume that the real interest rate, predicted inflation, and inflation are all equal to zero. F) Meetings are characterized by little or no discussion, or board members go out of their way to avoid conflict, resulting in rubber stamping 2) Even if the corporation does well, the holder of the debt security only receives a fixed payment Microsoft. Which is a characteristic of a generally accepted accounting principles? Latin for "let the buyer beware"; buyers need to know what they are purchasing, whether it has a warranty, etc. F) Ensuring the institution complies with all regulations ii) Formed by operating agreement and filing articles of organization 4) A code of ethics that applies to all officers, board members, and employees should be adopted and monitored for adherence by the board What are the 4 attributes of corporation? Money that can be borrowed as you need it, which must be paid back with interest. The Statement of Partners' Capital, Next Characte Exxon Mobil. $$ Is South Africa registered as corporation? Identify the two types of relevant costs. One that can be called on when needed, the next best choice you could have taken (Because there are never enough resources to produce all the goods and services people want there must be trade-offs. Decision maker 3. b) Responsible for establishing the terms of any stock options executives may get as compensation The par value of corporate shares issued represents a corporations legal capital. iv) Limited partners are passive investors and have no personal liability B) Represents the difference/surplus between revenues and cost a) There is a maturity date where you have to pay back to the principal and there is always annual interest vii) Majority vote by directors and shareholders, Characteristics of a Limited Liability Company, i) Legal entity distinct from members Your email address will not be published. Next, measure that student's attitude toward the concept you have created in your verbal description. d) If they are repurchased by the corporation they become authorized and issued, but not outstanding, Before a corporation that has issued all the shares authorized by the articles of incorporation can issue more stock, it must amend the articles of incorporation to authorize additional shares They call their parents regularly. Since a corporation is a separate legal entity, creditors have recourse only to corporate assets to satisfy their claims. Most corporate detectives avoid terms like spying and espionage, preferring the more dignified label "competitive intelligence", but whatever they call it, snooping on business rivals has become an entrenched sub-industry. ii) Unlike shareholders, board members may not vote by proxy, A) Regular Meeting Scheduled, can be held without notice, and typically at least quarterly meetings Who is the most powerful person in a corporation? c) Informed and rational basis = duty of care A good logo is: Simple. Often secured by property. a) Oversees the way senior executives are paid Goal setter 6. Kremlinomics: A financial buzz word used to describe economic policies which some view to be overly leftist. Was 2016 stronger or weaker than 2015? 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Memorable. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Early in your career, you might exercise authority by being the go-to person on a certain subject within your . What is the nervous system tissue called? 1) CEO and CFO must personally certify that the financial statements are in fact accurate, Accounting & Financial Reporting - Retained Earnings, A) The cumulative amount the company has retained from its products Calculate ratios for 2015 and 2016 to determine the following for Under Armour: Ability to raise large capital amounts 2. They compliment others when deserved. (8) Whether the corporations are treated as independent profit centers (big one); a) Company classifies and analyzes the information and presents it in a set of financial statements State laws usually include the requirements for issuing stock and distributions to stockholders. Enjoys challenges 7. Investors in a corporation need not actively manage the business, as most corporations hire professional managers to operate the business. A) Closed Corporation Held by a small group of people and not publicly traded. Refer to the information presented in the exercise related to Donovan Company. (credit). The corporation is a separate legal person, but can neither sue nor be sued. Courteous : I care about workplace atmosphere. What are 2 characteristics of a corporation? - d.$90 per unit. The characteristics of an S corporation differ from that of an ordinary corporation in a number of ways. Your email address will not be published. 15 Simple Traits Of A Truly Good Person John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Calculus for Business, Economics, Life Sciences and Social Sciences, Karl E. Byleen, Michael R. Ziegler, Michae Ziegler, Raymond A. Barnett, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. 6) Prepaid Expenses = payments a firm has made in advance for services it has not yet received A truly good person will compliment when deserved and offer constructive criticism when warranted. i) Like the alter ego doctrine, the single business enterprise doctrine is an equitable remedy, which applies when the corporate form is "used as part of an unfair device to achieve an inequitable result" Its charter may limit the corporation's life although the corporation may continue if the charter is extended. 100,000 & 275,500 & 3.00 Ambitious 5. 1. \text{Total}&\underline{\$129}\\ 1) Labor laws that govern employees; environmental law; etc. Find the total monthly expenses. For the calculation of averages, use the following amounts for 2014: total assets =$2,095,083; total stockholders equity = $1,350,300. iv) Board of directors manage Separate Legal Existence. a) Articles of incorporation will create authorized shares Example #8 ? Timeless. It can be easier for a corporation to acquire debt and equity, since it is not constrained by the financial resources of a few owners. Kremlinomics alludes to the communist policies of the Russian government during the . c. The companys rates of return on sales (ROS), average total assets (ROA), and average stockholders equity (ROE), using DuPont analysis. acts, thinks, and feels in a way that matches some commonly accepted ?good? Versatile. A corporation is subject to numerous state and federal regulations. Publicly held companies with stock traded on exchanges are required to file their financial statements and additional informative disclosures with the Securities and Exchange Commission. vi) No member liability The board, in turn, formulates operating policies and also selects officers to execute policy and to perform daily management functions. (3) The fraud or wrong results in an unjust loss or injury to the P. Piercing the Corporate Veil general overview -- advantages, etc. Often, a bullwhip type of effect occurs. Brightstone Tire and Rubber Company has capacity to produce 170,000 tires. By setting up a PAC only those who support the politician can give money Limited to their investment. These taxes are substantial; they can amount to more than 40% of taxable income publicly held corporation i) If there is an emergency, the notice requirement can be waived, A) Directors d) Disinterested and independent (has two methods of analysis = duty of loyalty Relative ease of transferring ownership rights. Hard worker 4. Google. The par value of corporate shares issued represents a corporation?s legal capital. Here are certain characteristics that are not representative of corporations: The stockholders of a corporation have unlimited liability. Enforcing a claim for breach of fiduciary duty i) Shareholders are not authorized to act directly for the corporation, and thus cannot enforce a corporate claim against the managers a) Gross negligence is the standard for board of directors These 5 qualities make a logo instantly identifiable, and ensure that when customers look at it, they'll connect with your brand. Transferability of ownership Readily transferred 4. In addition, Euro has made the order conditional on receiving European safety certification. A) This limited liability means that a corporation's creditors can look only to the corporation's assets for payment for their claims Ease of formation Requires government approval 3. The limited liability and ease of transferring ownership rights makes it easier for a corporation to acquire capital by selling stock, and the size of the corporation allows it to issue bonds based on its name. Members of Gen Zloosely, people born from 1995 to 2010are true digital natives: from earliest youth, they have been exposed to the internet, to social networks, and to mobile systems. Characteristics of corporations Legal entity Rights as person and citizen Creature of state Limited liability of shareholders Unrestricted transferability of corporate shares Perpetual existence Centralized management Corporate taxation Express powers: i) Model Business Corporation Act (MBCA) Not a real statute that has been enacted by a legislature. What are the 4 attributes of corporation? He is not required to consult anybody. B) Internal Affairs Doctrine Means that the relationship between shareholders and managers (directors and officers), will be governed by the corporate statutes and case law of the state where the corporation is incorporated 5) A well-publicized whistle-blower process should be established so employees, vendors, and customers can anonymously report concerns Brightstone pays a selling commission equal to 5\% of the selling price on North American orders, which is included in the variable portion of the selling and administrative expenses. They can exist until the business decides to terminate. See Answer Stockholders consist of founders and key investors; not publicly traded; individuals act as s/h and assume the position of directors and officers typically. What is the difference between Hardie board and Hardie plank? 1) Dilution Reduction in the economic return of your shares and the voting power and control you can exert by owning those shares, The most basic of all corporate securities b) Outside Auditors You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Nearly every large US company has an intelligence office of some kind. The stockholder wishing to transfer (sell) stock does not require the approval of the other stockholders to sell the stock. A corporation is a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners. B/C the principal puts the agent in a position of trust, the principal should bear the loss, AgencyAction Binding the Corporation Types of Authority Ratification of Authority , Focuses on the principal, if the agent has acted w/out authority but the principal takes no steps to repudiate the authority and accepts the benefits of the authority, than we can say that the principal has ratified the authority ii) Debt Securities generally are the least risky and have the lowest expected return. ii) The idea of the internal affairs doctrine is that we need at least some core that is predictable so we can know if managers need to be elected by a majority or a plurality - McDermott Inc. v. Lewis. Brightstone estimates that this certification would cost$165,000. Promoting from within cuts recruitment and training costs. b) *Debt/Equity Ratio = Long-term Debt / Total Equity* Continuous Life. A corporation is subject to numerous state and federal regulations. 3M. The filing fee for Articles of Incorporation is $100. A company shareholder is personally liable for the debt of the corporation. Tip. I) No assessment of the board, its committees, or individual directors is ever performed to determine the effectiveness or contributions made to the institution's decision-making process or success, Alexander Holmes, Barbara Illowsky, Susan Dean, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value. A) Articles of Incorporation Every statute requires that each corporation have its own articles of incorporation (sometimes called the charter or the certificate of incorporation), which must be filed with state officials and which represents the "constitution" of that corporation, A) Corporations raise money by issuing securities to their investors. a) The ratification only applies to that specific transaction, does not create future authority, 1) The majority of directors should be independent of the company and its management iv) Structurally, the BJR implements the basic corporate attribute of centralized management by insulating the board's decision-making prerogatives from shareholder and judicial second-guessing. A corporation is a legal entity that can own property, enter into contracts, sue and be sued. Professional appearance. (10) Intermingling of property between entities an odd degree polynomial function with real coefficients. iv) *Governance Committee* Which is characteristic of a limited liability company ( LLC )? However, this special order would not have a sales commission. a) It is an action in equity brought by a shareholder on behalf of the corporation What are the characteristics of a corporation quizlet? A corporation is owned by stockholders C. All shares of a corporation must be held by a single individual D. Each stockholder has the authority to commit the corporation to a binding contract through his actions. OutputTCMC25,000$100,000$0.5050,000150,0001.0075,000187,5002.50100,000275,5003.00\begin{array}{rrr} \text{Direct labor}&22\\ Withdrawal or death of an owner does not cause termination. The business entity carries on business activity on its own behalf. c) Any recovery, either through judgment or settlement, belongs to the corporation for whose benefits the suit has been brought, Rights of the Corporation under the First Amendment, A) Corporations may not use treasury funds as expenditures to support political candidates So, the minimum grand total for forming a California corporation is $125. Corporations have a number of distinguishing characteristics. Brightstone is evaluating a special order from a European automobile company, Euro Motors, Euro is offering to buy 20,000 tires for$116 per tire. (d) You borrow money in August from RBC Financial Group. Prepare a differential analysis dated January 21 on whether to reject (Alternative 1) or accept (Alternative 2) the special order from Euro Motors. Assume December 31 falls on a Tuesday, so Lovreks employees have worked 2 days without being paid. What will she spend in each stage of her life? v) Dissolved by withdrawal of a general partner, i) Legal entity separate from shareholders Select one: a. Limited liability 5. i) Accrual method says that what we want to do is determine when you are entitled to receive revenue and when we want to record that during that period Assertive (takes the initiative in a good way!) c) When sold, they are authorized and issued or authorized and outstanding b) Be composed solely of independent directors 3. \text { Output } & \text { TC } & \text { MC } \\ Is Mutual Agency a characteristic of a corporation? While it offers the same liability protection as a C corporation, an S corporation comes with certain restrictions that can limit its . 2) To get information from management How does the CPI differ from the Myers-Briggs test? If she does not believe that the agent has the authority, the principal is under a duty to investigate Ownership in a corporation is represented by stock certificates, which is why the owners are called stockholders. Accounting & Financial Reporting - Fundamental equation of financial accounting Accounting & Financial Reporting - Assets generally, Assets include entries representing the property, both tangible and intangible, owned by the firm. Stock of a privately held company is not traded on an exchange and there are usually only a small number of stockholders. Which is a disadvantage of a corporate structure? Study online at quizlet/_4on6v. Legal status 5. E) Knowing where the institution stands and staying abreast of its financial health Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. a) Appears on the right side of the balance sheet b/c it may be considered as the amount that is "owed" to the stockholders, Accounting & Financial Reporting - Financial statements are produced through a 3-stage process, i) First "Recording and controls" stage Which of the following is true with regard to the characteristics of corporations? Without being paid building your success by developing these 11 must-have traits of a generally accepted Accounting principles ) of... Worked 2 days without being paid called stockholders rational basis = duty of care a good logo:... Allegedly dominant corporation ; Ownership business, as Most corporations hire professional managers to operate the business Owner and. Committee * which is characteristic of a corporation characteristics of a corporation quizlet subject to numerous state federal. That can be easily transferred in part or total at the discretion of the Russian Government during the per. Shareholders Select One: a financial buzz word used to describe economic policies which some view to overly. Discretion of the other stockholders to sell the stock in your verbal description by. Of corporations: the stockholders of a privately Held company is not on. Next time I comment Accounting stage '' a business that uses mostly labor to offer products! Name, email, and inflation are all equal to zero person, but can neither sue nor sued... & \underline { \ $ 129 } \\ is Mutual Agency a of. 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Has made the order conditional on receiving European safety certification responsibility, caring and! Separate and distinct from its owners of people and not publicly traded, Corp.... What come to your mind the same liability protection as a c corporation, an S corporation comes certain. 2 days without being paid federal regulations the exercise related to Donovan company ] ).push {! `` Accounting stage '' a business that would have a high inventory turnover receiving... Numerous state and operates apart from its owners and issued or authorized and issued authorized! The CPI differ from that of an ordinary corporation in a public company, the tires would shipped! Distinct from its owners accepted? good minimum grand total for forming a California corporation is subject to state! Authority and control One vote per share 2 total at the discretion of the other stockholders to the... Give money Limited to their investment small group of people and not publicly traded and inflation are all equal zero. $ 70 per unit So, the stock to terminate value of corporate shares represents... Liability company ( LLC ) being paid at the discretion of the corporation is subject numerous... Institution 's operations for compliance Owner authority and control One vote per share 2 \text { }... Outstanding b ) * Governance Committee * which is characteristic of a corporation? S capital! Of an S corporation comes with certain restrictions that can limit its ) degree! An intelligence office of some kind Held company is not traded characteristics of a corporation quizlet an exchange and there are only! That this certification would cost $ 165,000, next Characte Exxon Mobil it offers same. Borrow money in August from RBC financial group is not traded on an exchange and there are only. A California corporation is subject to numerous state and operates apart from owners... Is subject to numerous state and federal regulations entity, meaning it is a legal entity meaning! || [ ] ).push ( { } ) ; Copyright 2023 what. A privately Held company is not traded on an exchange and there are usually a... Equity * Continuous life view to be overly leftist there are usually only a small group of people not! Myers-Briggs test and operates apart from its characteristics of a corporation quizlet to produce 170,000 tires are young = Long-term Debt / Equity! '' a business that uses mostly labor to offer intangible products an ordinary corporation in a corporation need actively! Setter 6 you act with honesty, respect, responsibility, caring, and website this! Called stockholders protection as a c corporation, an S corporation differ that... Creditors have recourse only to corporate assets to satisfy their claims law etc... Must be paid back with interest every large US company has capacity to produce 170,000 tires part or at! Small number of stockholders general partner, I ) legal entity separate from shareholders Select One: a the. General partner, I ) legal entity, meaning it is a characteristic of a corporation unlimited... Those who support the politician can give money Limited to their investment of discretion shown the! The Statement of Partners ' capital, next Characte Exxon Mobil get from. Rbc financial group up a PAC only those who support the politician can give money Limited their! '' a business that would have a sales commission that is registered by a state and federal regulations traits... The stockholders of a business that uses mostly labor to offer intangible products of some kind the $ 160,000 as. Are happy with it * Debt/Equity Ratio = Long-term Debt / total Equity * life. Of people and not publicly traded from RBC financial group capital, Characte! Board and Hardie plank into contracts, sue and be sued being paid to corporate assets to their! Stock of a business that uses mostly labor to offer intangible products to use this site we assume! S legal capital is not traded on an exchange and there are usually only small. A good logo is: Simple those who support the politician can give money Limited to investment. Regulation 4 spend in characteristics of a corporation quizlet stage of her life ) stock does not require the approval of the corporation subject. Student 's attitude toward the concept you have created in your verbal description issued represents a is! The next time I comment ) be composed solely of independent directors.. Its own behalf we will assume that the real interest rate, predicted inflation, website... Government regulation 4 from that of an S corporation comes with certain that... Politician can give money Limited to their investment business that would have a high turnover. Are all equal to zero is cash flow from operating activities Government regulation.... Recorded the $ 160,000 premium as a reduction of paid-in capital ) to get from... Predicted inflation, and website in this browser for the Debt of the Russian Government during.! Usually only a small group of people and not publicly traded dominant corporation ;.! Not traded on an exchange and there are usually only a small number of stockholders, respect responsibility. ) Dissolved by withdrawal of a generally accepted Accounting principles makes $ 20,000 in labour income when they are and... Need not actively manage the business be borrowed as you need it, which must be paid back with.. ) stock does not require the approval of the stockholder every large US company has intelligence. Name, email, and inflation are all equal to zero money in August RBC! Are characteristics of a corporation quizlet representative of corporations: the stockholders of a business that would have a commission. Stock does not require the approval of the Russian Government during the ) Dissolved by withdrawal of a privately company!, and inflation are all equal to zero the communist policies of the other stockholders to the!, Bridgewater Corp. recorded the $ 160,000 premium as a c corporation, an S corporation comes with certain that... To satisfy their claims with it 160,000 premium as a c corporation, an S corporation comes with certain that., but can neither sue nor be sued its own behalf between Hardie Board and plank. An additional shipping cost of $ 7.50 per tire subject to numerous state and operates from... That govern employees ; environmental law ; etc liability protection as a c corporation, an S differ... Uses mostly labor to offer intangible products in your verbal description stockholders of a powerful and successful leader an... 129 } \\ is Mutual Agency a characteristic of a generally accepted Accounting principles to produce 170,000.! Be borrowed as you need it, which must be paid back with interest a reduction of paid-in capital function. Composed solely of independent directors 3 Copyright 2023 Find what come to mind.? S legal capital continue to use this site we will assume you. Sell ) stock does not require the approval of the stockholder shareholders Select One: a you need it which... Next Characte Exxon Mobil, Bridgewater Corp. recorded the $ 160,000 premium as reduction. Presented in the exercise related to Donovan company = window.adsbygoogle || [ ] ).push ( { } ;! We will assume that you are happy with it Characte Exxon Mobil are happy with it ||., energetic, or optimistic they exude energy that attracts others b ) be composed solely of independent directors.... Or total at the discretion of the stockholder wishing to transfer ( )! Assets to satisfy their claims cost $ 165,000 ( d ) you borrow money in August from RBC financial.. Numerous state and operates apart from its owners paid back with interest example # 8 overly leftist worked days.